Ferrous metals
Bright and Black Steel Materials
What is the difference between black and bright steel bars?
To the end user, the difference is precision. Bright steel bars are produced by passing black bars through dies in a cold process or by turning the bars in a peeler. Thus, a greater degree of profile precision, straightness and finish is achieved. Typically bright bars are used where specific tolerances are required. The majority of steel nuts manufactured by us are made from bright steel. These bars also have a 'bright' finish - hence the name.
Conversely, black steel bars have a darker finish and are not produced to such tight profile tolerances.
Trojan Special Fasteners has strong links with European Steel Mills that produce steels in the following grades to our exacting standards. We can provide 3.1 Material certificates accompanying our internally threaded fasteners.
The table shows the range for each heat treatment condition for steels. Note that there is overlap between some heat treatment grades.
Hardness Grade Ranges for Steel
Heat Treated Condition | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Z |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tensile Strength (N/mm2) | 625-775 | 700-850 | 775-925 | 850-1000 | 925-1075 | 1000-1150 | 1075-1225 | 1150-1300 | 1550 |
Hardness Brinell | 179-229 | 201-225 | 223-277 | 248-302 | 269-331 | 293-352 | 311-375 | 345-401 | 444 |
Chemical Limits for Ferrous Metals
The following table shows the typical chemical minima and maxima for each of the material grades listed.
C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BS970:91 | BS970:55 | min | max | min | max | min | max | max | min | max | min | max | min | max | min | max | |
045A10 | EN2A | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.30 | 0.60 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
045M10 | EN32A | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.30 | 0.60 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
070M20 | EN3B | 0.16 | 0.24 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.90 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
070M55 | EN9 | 0.50 | 0.60 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.90 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
080A15 | EN3B | 0.13 | 0.18 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.70 | 0.90 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
080A30 | EN5B | 0.26 | 0.34 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.70 | 0.90 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
080A42 | EN8D | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.70 | 0.90 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
080A47 | EN43B | 0.45 | 0.50 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.70 | 0.90 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
080M15 | EN32C | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
080M30 | EN6 | 0.26 | 0.34 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
080M40 | EN8 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
080M50 | EN43A | 0.45 | 0.55 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
150M19 | EN14A | 0.15 | 0.23 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 1.30 | 1.70 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
150M36 | EN15 | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 1.30 | 1.70 | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||||||||
210M15 | EN32M | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.90 | 1.30 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.18 | |||||||
212A42 | EN8DM | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.25 | 1.00 | 1.30 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.20 | ||||||||
216M36 | EN15AM | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.25 | 1.30 | 1.70 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.20 | ||||||||
226M44 | EN8M | 0.40 | 0.48 | 0.25 | 1.30 | 1.70 | 0.06 | 0.22 | 0.30 | ||||||||
230M07 | EN1A | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.90 | 1.30 | 0.09 | 0.25 | 0.35 | |||||||||
530M40 | EN18 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.90 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 0.90 | 1.20 | ||||||
605M36 | EN16 | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 1.30 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 0.22 | 0.32 | ||||||
606M36 | EN16M | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 1.30 | 1.70 | 0.035 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.32 | |||||
635M15 | EN351 | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.90 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.40 | 0.80 | 0.70 | 1.10 | ||||
637M17 | EN352 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.90 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 0.85 | 1.25 | ||||
655M13 | EN36 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.60 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.70 | 1.00 | 3.00 | 3.75 | ||||
665M17 | EN34 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.75 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 1.50 | 2.00 | ||||
708M40 | EN19 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.70 | 1.00 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 0.90 | 1.20 | 0.15 | 0.25 | ||||
709M40 | EN19 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.70 | 1.00 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 0.90 | 1.20 | 0.25 | 0.35 | ||||
722M24 | EN40B | 0.20 | 0.28 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.70 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 3.00 | 3.50 | 0.45 | 0.65 | ||||
805M17 | EN361 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.95 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.35 | 0.65 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.75 | ||
805M20 | EN362 | 0.17 | 0.23 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.95 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.35 | 0.65 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.75 | ||
815M17 | EN353 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.90 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.80 | 1.20 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 1.20 | 1.70 | ||
817M40 | EN24 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.70 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 1.00 | 1.40 | 0.20 | 0.35 | 1.30 | 1.70 | ||
820M17 | EN354 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.90 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.80 | 1.20 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 1.50 | 2.00 | ||
822M17 | EN355 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.70 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 1.30 | 1.70 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 1.75 | 2.25 | ||
826M31 | EN25 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.70 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 0.50 | 0.80 | 0.45 | 0.65 | 2.30 | 2.80 | ||
826M40 | EN26 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.70 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 0.50 | 0.80 | 0.45 | 0.65 | 2.30 | 2.80 | ||
835M15 | EN39B | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 1.40 | 0.15 | 0.30 | 3.90 | 4.30 | ||
945M38 | EN100 | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 1.20 | 1.60 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.60 | 0.90 |